References

A B C

AAFCO. 2017. Feed inspector’s manual of Association of American Feed Control Officials. 7^thed. Available at: https://www.aafco.org/Portals/0/SiteContent/Publications/AAFCO_Feed_Inspectors_Manual_7th_ed.pdf

AAFCO. 2018. Official Publication of Association of American Feed Control Officials.

Adeola, O., and A. J. Cowieson. 2011. Opportunities and challenges in using exogenous enzymes to improve nonruminant animal production. Journal of Animal Science. 89:3189–3218. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3715

Adeola, O., D. C. Mahan, M. J. Azain, S. K. Baidoo, G. L. Cromwell, G. M. Hill, J. E. Pettigrew, C. V. Maxwell, and M. C. Shannon. 2013. Dietary lipid sources and levels for weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 91:4216-4225. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-6297

Almeida F. N., R. C. Sulabo, and H. H. Stein. 2014. Amino acid digestibility and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in a threonine biomass product fed to weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 92:4540-4546. doi:10.2527/jas2013-6635

Almeida, F. N., and H. H. Stein. 2012. Effects of graded levels of microbial phytase on the standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in corn and corn coproducts fed to pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 90:1262–1269. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4144

Almeida, F. N., G. I. Petersen, and H. H. Stein. 2011. Digestibility of amino acids in corn, corn coproducts, and bakery meal fed to growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 89:4109–4115. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4143

Almeida, F. N., J. K. Htoo, J. Thomson, and H. H. Stein. 2013. Comparative amino acid digestibility in US blood products fed to weanling pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 181:80–86. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.03.002

Amachawadi, R. G., F. Giok, X. Shi, J. Soto, S. K. Narayanan, M. D. Tokach, M. D. Apley, and T. G. Nagaraja. 2018. Antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from commercial probiotic products used in cattle and swine. Journal of Animal Science. 96:912–920. doi:10.1093/jas/sky056

Anwar, F., U. Rashid, S. A. Shahid, and M. Nadeem. 2014. Physicochemical and antioxidant characteristics of kapok (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn.) seed oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 91:1047-1054. doi:10.1007/s11746-014-2445-y

AOAC. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of Association of Official Analytical Chemists International. 17^thed.

AOAC. 2016. Official Methods of Analysis of Association of Official Analytical Chemists International. 18^thed.

Apple, J. K., P. J. Rincker, F. K. McKeith, S. N. Carr, T. A. Armstrong, and P. D. Matzat. 2007. Review: Meta-analysis of the ractopamine response in finishing swine. The Professional Animal Scientist. 23:179–196. doi: 10.15232/S1080-7446(15)30964-5

Asmus, M. D., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, T. A. Houser, J. L. Nelssen, and R. D. Goodband. 2014. Effects of lowering dietary fiber before marketing on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, carcass fat quality, and intestinal weights. Journal of Animal Science. 92:119–128. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-6679

Azain, M. J. 2001. Fat in swine nutrition. In: Lewis, A. J., and L. L. Southern (eds.) Swine Nutrition. 2^nded. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, Florida.

Benz, J. M., M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen, J. M. DeRouchey, R. C. Sulabo, and R. D. Goodband. 2011. Effects of dietary iodine value product on growth performance and carcass fat quality of finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 89:1419–1428. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3126

Benzoni, E., F. Minervini, A. Giannoccaro, F. Fornelli, D. Vigo, and A. Visconti. 2008. Influence of in vitro exposure to mycotoxin zearalenone and its derivatives on swine sperm quality. Reproductive Toxicology. 25:461-467. doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.04.009

Bhattarai, S. and J. P. Nielsen. 2015. Early indicators of iron deficiency in large piglets at weaning. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 23:10–17.

Bikker, P., A. W. Jongbloed, and J. van Baal. 2016. Dose-dependent effects of copper supplementation of nursery diets on growth performance and fecal consistency in weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 94(Suppl. 3)181–186. doi:10.2527/jas.2015-9874

Birkenfeld, C., H. Kluge, and K. Eder. 2006. L-carnitine supplementation of sows during pregnancy improves the suckling behaviour of their offspring. British Journal of Nutrition. 96:334–342. doi:10.1079/BJN20061833

Blavi, L., D. Sola-Oriol, J. F. Perez, and H. H. Stein. 2017. Effects of zinc oxide and microbial phytase on digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in maize-based diets fed to growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 95:847-854. doi:10.2527/jas.2016.1149

Bohrer, B. M., J. M. Kyle, D. D. Boler, P. J. Rincker, M. J. Ritter, and S. N. Carr. 2013. Meta-analysis of the effects of ractopamine hydro-chloride on carcass cutability and primal yields of finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 91:1015–1023. doi:10.2527/jas.2012-5647

Boisen, S. 1998. A new protein evaluation system for pig feeds and its practical application. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section A - Animal science. 48:1–11. doi:10.1080/09064709809362397

Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine. 2017. Feedstuff composition and nutritional requirements. 4^thed. H. S. Rostagno (ed). Department of Animal Science, UFV, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.

Brown, K. R., R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen, J. E. Minton, J. J. Higgins, X. Lin, J. Odle, J. C. Woodworth, and B. J. Johnson. 2008. Effects of feeding L-carnitine to gilts through day 70 of gestation on litter traits and the expression of insulin-like growth factor system components and L-carnitine concentration in foetal tissues. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 92:660–667. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00762.x

Brumm, M. 2006. Patterns of drinking water use in pork production facilities. University of Nebraska Swine Reports. 221. Available at:http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1218&context=coopext_swine

Brumm, M. 2010. Water recommendations and systems for swine. National Swine Nutrition Guide. PIG 07-02-08.

Brumm, M. C., J. M. Dahlquist, and J. M. 2000. Heemstra. Impact of feeders and drinker devices on pig performance, water use, and manure volume. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 8:51-57.

Cabezón, F. A., A. P. Schinckel, B. T. Richert, K. R. Stewart, M. Gandarillas, M. Pasache, and W. A. Peralta. 2016. Effect of betaine supplementation during summer on sow lactation and subsequent farrowing performance. The Professional Animal Scientist. 32:695–703. doi:10.15232/pas.2016-01532

Cabezón, F. A., A. P. Schinckel, K. R. Stewart, B. T. Richert, M. Gandarillas, J. N. Marchant-Forde, J. S. Johnson, W. A. Peralta, and R. M. Stwalley. 2017. Heat stress alleviation in lactating sows by dietary betaine supplementation and cooling pads, Journal of Animal Science. 95(Suppl. 2):116–117. doi:10.2527/asasmw.2017.243

Carlson, M. P., and S. M. Ensley. 2003a. Use of feed contaminated with fungal (mold) toxins (mycotoxins). Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension. G1514. Available at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2783&context=extensionhist

Carlson, M. P., and S. M. Ensley. 2003b. Sampling and analyzing feed for fungal (mold) toxins (mycotoxins). Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension. G1515. Available at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2784&context=extensionhist

Carlson, M. S., C. A. Boren, C. Wu, C. E. Huntington, D. W. Bollinger, and T. L. Veum. 2004. Evaluation of various inclusion rates of organic zinc either as polysaccharide or proteinate complex on the growth performance, plasma, and excretion of nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 82:1359–1366. doi:10.2527/2004.8251359x

Carpenter, C. B., J. C. Woodworth, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, F. Wu, and J. L. Usry. 2018. Effects of increasing copper from tri-basic copper chloride or a copper-methionine chelate on growth performance of nursery pigs. Translational Animal Science. doi:doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy091

Cervantes-Pahm, S. K., and H. H. Stein. 2010. Ileal digestibility of amino acids in conventional, fermented, and enzyme-treated soybean meal and in soy protein isolate, fish meal, and casein fed to weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 88:2674–2683. doi:10.2527/jas.2009-2677

Cervantes-Pahm, S. K., Y. Liu, and H. H. Stein. 2014. Digestible indispensable amino acid score and digestible amino acids in eight cereal grains. British Journal of Nutrition. 111:1663–1672. doi:10.1017/S0007114513004273

Chen, H., S. Zhang, I. Park, and S. W. Kim. 2017. Impacts of energy feeds and supplemental protease on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut health of pigs from 18 to 45 kg body weight. Animal Nutrition. 3:359-365. doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2017.09.005

Coble, K. F., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, J. C. Woodworth, and J. L. Usry. 2017. The effects of copper source and concentration on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pen cleanliness in finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 95:4052–4059. doi:10.2527/jas2017.1624

Cochrane, R. A., S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, A. R. Huss, C. R. Stark, M. Saensukjaroenphon, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. F. Bai, Q. Chen, J. Zhang, P. C. Gauger, R. J. Derscheid, R. G. Main, and C. K. Jones. 2017. Assessing the effects of medium chain fatty acids and fat sources on PEDV RNA stability and infectivity. Journal of Animal Science. 95(Suppl. 2):94. doi:10.2527/asasmw.2017.12.196

Cowieson, A. J., J. -P. Ruckebusch, J. O. B. Sorbara, J. W. Wilson, P. Guggenbuhl, L. Tanadini, and F. F. Roos. 2017. A systematic view on the effect of microbial phytase on ileal amino acid digestibility in pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 231:138-149. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.07.007

Cowieson, A. J., J. P. Ruckebusch, I. Knap, P. Guggenbuhl, and F. Fru-Nji. 2016. Phytate-free nutrition: A new paradigm in monogastric animal production. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 222:180–189. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.10.016.

Cowieson, A. J., P. Wilcock, and M. R. Bedford. 2011. Super-dosing effects of phytase in poultry and other monogastrics. World’s Poultry Science Journal. 67:225-236. doi:10.1017/S0043933911000250

Cox, N. M., M. J. Stuart, T. G. Althen, W. A. Bennett, and H. W. Miller. 1987. Enhancement of ovulation rate in gilts by increasing dietary energy and administering insulin during follicular growth. Journal of Animal Science. 64:507–516.

Creech, B. L., J. W. Spears, W. L. Flowers, G. M. Hill, K. E. Lloyd, T. A. Armstrong, and T. E. Engle. 2004. Effect of dietary trace mineral concentration and source (inorganic vs. chelated) on performance, mineral status, and fecal mineral excretion in pigs from weaning through finishing. Journal of Animal Science. 82:2140–2147. doi:10.2527/2004.8272140x.

Cromwell, G. L., M. D. Lindemann, H. J. Monegue, D. D. Hall, and D. E. Orr Jr. 1998. Tribasic copper chloride and copper sulfate as copper sources for weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 76:118-123. doi:10.2527/1998.761118x

Back to top

D E F

da Rosa, D. P., M. M. Vieira, A. M. Kessler, T. M. de Moura, A. P. G. Frazzon, C. M. McManus, F. R. Marx, R. Melchior, and A. M. L. Ribeiro. 2015. Efficacy of hyperimmunized hen egg yolks in the control of diarrhea in newly weaned piglets. Food and Agricultural Immunology. 26:622-634. doi:10.1080/09540105.2014.998639

Dänicke, S. 2002. Fusariums toxins in animal nutrition. Lohmann Information. 27:29–37. Available at: http://lohmann-information.com/content/l_i_27_article_5.pdf

De Jong, J. A., J. C. Woodworth, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, C. R. Stark, and C. K. Jones. 2017. Stability of four commercial phytase products under increasing thermal conditioning temperatures. Translational Animal Science. 1:255-260. doi:10.2527/tas2017.0030

De Jong, J. A., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, J. C. Woodworth, C. K. Jones, and C. R. Stark. 2016. Stability of commercial phytase sources under different environmental conditions. Journal of Animal Science. 94:4259-4266. doi:10.2527/jas.2016-0742

De Jong, J., J. DeRouchey, M. Tokach, S. Dritz, and R. Goodband. 2014. Effects of dietary wheat middlings, corn dried distillers grains with solubles, and net energy formulation on nursery pig performance. Journal of Animal Science. 92:3471-3481. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-7350

Dersjant-Li, Y., A. Awati, H. Schulze, and G. Partridge. 2014. Phytase in non-ruminant animal nutrition: a critical review on phytase activities in the gastrointestinal tract and influencing factors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 95:878-896. doi:10.1002/jsfa.6998

Devreese, M., P. De Backer, and S. Croubels. 2013. Overview of the most important mycotoxins for the pig and poultry husbandry. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift. 82:171-180.

Di Gregorio, M. C., D. V. de Neeff, A. V. Jager, C. H. Corassin, Á. C. de P. Carão, R. de Albuquerque, A. C. de Azevedo, and C. A. F. Oliveira. 2014. Mineral adsorbents for prevention of mycotoxins in animal feeds. Toxin Reviews. 33:125–135. doi:10.3109/15569543.2014.905604

Doberenz, J., C. Birkenfeld, H. Kluge, and K. Eder. 2006. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in pregnant sows on plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factors, various hormones and metabolites and chorion characteristics Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 90:487–499. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0396.2006.00631.x

Döll, S., and S. Dänicke. 2003. On the efficacy of detoxifying agents in the prevention of fusariotoxicosis - A critical evaluation of the situation. Mycotoxin Research. 19:185-189. doi:10.1007/bf02942962

DSM Vitamin Nutrition Compendium. Vitamin stability. Available at: https://www.dsm.com/markets/anh/en_US/Compendium.html

Dugan, M. E., J. L. Aalhus, and J. K. Kramer. 2004. Conjugated linoleic acid pork research. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 79:1212–1216. doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.6.1212S

Eder K., A. Ramanau, and H. Kluge. 2001. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on performance parameters in gilts and sows. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 85:73–80. doi:10.1046/j.1439-0396.2001.00303.x

Eder, K. 2009. Influence of L-carnitine on metabolism and performance of sows. British Journal of Nutrition. 102:645-654. doi:10.1017/S0007114509990778

Eeckhout, W., and M. De Paepe. 1994. Total phosphorus, phytate-phosphorus and phytase activity in plant feedstuffs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 47:19-29. doi:10.1016/0377-8401(94)90156-2

Eggert, J. M., M. A. Belury, A. Kempa-Steczko, S. E. Mills, and A. P. Schinckel. 2001. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on the belly firmness and fatty acid composition of genetically lean pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 79:2866–2872. doi:10.2527/2001.79112866x

Eklund, M., E. Bauer, J. Wamatu, and R. Mosenthin. 2005. Potential nutritional and physiological functions of betaine in livestock. Nutrition Research Reviews. 18:31-48. doi:10.1079/NRR200493

Emiola, I. A., F. O. Opapeju, B. A. Slominski, and C. M. Nyachoti. 2009. Growth performance and nutrient digestibility in swine fed wheat distillers dried grains with solubles-based diets supplemented with a multi-carbohydrase enzyme. Journal of Animal Science. 87:2315-2322. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1195.

Engle, M. J. 1994. The role of soybean meal hypersensitivity in postweaning lag and diarrhea in piglets. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 2:7-10.

EvaPig^Ò. 2008. Evaluation of pig feeds – equations and coefficients. INRA, AFZ, Ajinomoto Eurolysine S.A.S.

Fischer, M., J. Keller, F. Hirche, H. Kluge, R. Ringseis, and K. Eder. 2009. Activities of γ-butyrobetaine dioxygenase and concentrations of carnitine in tissues of pigs. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology – Part A. 153:324-331. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.03.005

Flohr, J. R., J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, and S. S. Dritz. 2016. A survey of current feeding regimens for vitamins and trace minerals in the US swine industry. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 24:290–303.

Food and Drug Administration. Guidance for industry: Action levels for poisonous or deleterious substances in human food and animal feed. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/food/guidanceregulation/ucm077969.htm

Fraser, D., P. A. Phillips, B. K. Thompson, and W. B. Peeters Weem. 1988. Use of water by piglets in the first days after birth. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 68:997-1000. doi:10.4141/cjas88-070

Frobose, H. L., E. D. Fruge, M. D. Tokach, E. L. Hansen, J. M. DeRouchey, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, and J. L. Nelssen. 2015. The effects of deoxynivalenol-contaminated corn dried distillers grains with solubles in nursery pig diets and potential for mitigation by commercially available feed additives. Journal of Animal Science. 93:1074–1088. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-6883

Frobose, H.L., E. W. Stephenson, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, S. S. Dritz, and R. D. Goodband. 2017. Effects of potential detoxifying agents on growth performance and deoxynivalenol (DON) urinary balance characteristics of nursery pigs fed DON-contaminated wheat. Journal of Animal Science. 95:327–337. doi:10.2527/jas.2016.0664

Fuller, R. 1989. Probiotics in man and animals. The Journal of Applied Bacteriology. 66:365-378. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb05105.x

Back to top

G H I

Gadelha, I. C. N., N. B. S. Fonseca, S. C. S. Oloris, M. M. Melo, and B. Soto-Blanco. 2014. Gossypol toxicity from cottonseed products. The Scientific World Journal. 2014:1–11. doi:10.1155/2014/231635

Gaudré, D., and N. Quiniou. 2009. What mineral and vitamin levels to recommend in swine diets? Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 38:190-200. doi:10.1590/S1516-35982009001300019

Gebhardt, J. T., J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Goodband, C. K. Jones, and S. S. Dritz. 2018a. Medium chain fatty acid mitigation activity against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) in nursery pig diets after 40 d of storage. Journal of Animal Science. 96(Suppl. 2):153. doi:10.1093/jas/sky073.282

Gebhardt, J. T., J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Goodband, J. A. Loughmiller, A. L. P. de Souza, and S. S Dritz. 2018b. Influence of chromium propionate dose and feeding regimen on growth performance and carcass composition of pigs housed in a commercial environment. Translational Animal Science. txy104. doi:10.1093/tas/txy104

Gebhardt, J. T., K. A. Thomson, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Goodband, and S. S. Dritz. 2017. Evaluation of medium chain fatty acids as a dietary additive in nursery pig diets. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports. 3(7). doi:doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7463

Gibson, G. R., and M. B. Roberfroid. 1995. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: Introducing the concept of prebiotics. The Journal of Nutrition. 125:1401–1412. doi:10.1093/jn/125.6.1401

Gibson, G. R., H. M. Probert, J. van Loo, R. A. Rastall, and M. B. Roberfroid. 2004. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics. Nutrition Research Reviews. 17:259–275. doi:10.1079/NRR200479.

Gomes, D.C., S. O. Souza, G. D. Juffo, S. P. Pavarini, and D. Driemeier. 2014. Selenium poisoning in swine in southern Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira. 34:1203-1209. doi:10.1590/S0100-736X2014001200010

Gonçalves, M. A. D., S. S. Dritz, C. K. Jones, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, and R. D. Goodband. 2016. Fact sheets – Ingredient database management: Part I, overview and sampling procedures and Part II, energy. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 24:216–221.

Gonçalves, M. A. D., S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, and R. D. Goodband. 2017. Fact sheet – Ingredient database management for swine: phosphorus. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 25(2):76–78.

Gonçalves, M. A. D., S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, and R. D. Goodband. 2016. Fact sheets – Comparing phytase sources for pigs and effects of superdosing phytase on growth performance of nursery and finishing pigs. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 24:97–101.

González-Vega, J. C., and H. H. Stein. 2012. Amino acid digestibility in canola, cottonseed, and sunflower products fed to finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 90:4391–4400. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4631

Goodband R. D., R. C. Sulabo, and M. D. Tokach. 2016. Feed value benefits of sorghum for swine. Available at: http://www.sorghumcheckoff.com/news-and-media/newsroom/2016/09/02/feed-value-benefits-swine/

Goodband, B., M. Tokach, S. Dritz, J. DeRouchey, and J. Woodworth. 2014. Practical starter pig amino acid requirements in relation to immunity, gut health and growth performance. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 5:12. doi:10.1186/2049-1891-5-12

Gourley, K. M., J. C. Woodworth, J. M. DeRouchey, S. S. Dritz, M. Ds Tokach, and R. D. Goodband. 2018. Effect of high doses of Natuphos E 5,000 G phytase on growth performance of nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 96:570-578. doi:10.1093/jas/sky001

Graham, A. B., R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, S. Nitikanchana, J. J Updike. 2014. The effects of low-, medium-, and high-oil distillers dried grains with solubles on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fat quality in finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 92:3610-3623. doi:10.2527/jas.2014-7678

Grinstead, G. S., R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, and S. S. Dritz. 2000. A review of whey processing, products and components: effects on weanling pig performance. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 17:133–150. doi:10.1080/09712119.2000.9706296

Gu, X., and D. Li. 2003. Fat nutrition and metabolism in piglets: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 109:151–170. doi:10.1016/S0377-8401(03)00171-8

Hahn, J. D., and D. H. Baker. 1993. Growth and plasma zinc responses of young pigs fed pharmacologic levels of zinc. Journal of Animal Science. 71:3020-3024.

Hanczakowska, E. 2017. The use of medium chain fatty acids in piglet feeding – A review. Annals of Animal Science. 17:967-977. doi:10.1515/aoas-2016-0099

Harper, A. F., M. J. Estienne, J. B. Meldrum, R. J. Harrell, and D. E. Diaz. 2010. Assessment of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate agent and antioxidant blend for mitigation of aflatoxin- induced physiological alterations in pigs. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 18:282-289.

Haschek, W. M., L. A. Gumprecht, G. Smith, M. E. Tumbleson and P. D. Constable. 2001. Fumonisin toxicosis in swine: an overview of porcine pulmonary edema and current perspectives. Environmental Health Perspectives. 109(Suppl. 2):251-257. doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s2251

Hastad, C.W., M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, and C. L. Jones. 2005. Comparison of yellow dent and NutriDense corn hybrids in swine diets. Journal of Animal Science. 83:2624–2631. doi:10.2527/2005.83112624x

Hauschild, L., C. Pomar, and P. A. Lovatto. 2010. Systematic comparison of the empirical and factorial methods used to estimate the nutrient requirements of growing pigs. Animal. 4:714–723. doi:10.1017/S1751731109991546.

Hendel, E. G., P. N. Gott, G. R. Murugesan, and T. Jenkins. 2017. Survey of mycotoxins in 2016 United States corn. Journal of Animal Science. 95(Suppl. 4):16–17. doi:10.2527/asasann.2017.033

Hennig-Pauka, I., F. Koch, S. Schaumberger, B. Woechtl, J. Novak, M. Sulyok, and V. Nagl. 2018. Current challenges in the diagnosis of zearalenone toxicosis as illustrated by a field case of hyperestrogenism in suckling piglets. Porcine Health Management. 4:18-27. doi:10.1186/s40813-018-0095-4

Heo, K., J. Odle, I. K. Han, W. Cho, S. Seo, E. van Heugten, and D. H. Pilkington. 2000. Dietary L-carnitine improves nitrogen utilization in growing pigs fed low energy, fat-containing diets. The Journal of Nutrition. 130:1809–1814. doi:10.1093/jn/130.7.1809

Herrman, T. 2001. Sampling: Procedures for feed. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF-2036. Available at: http://www.ksre.k-state.edu/bookstore/pubs/mf2036.pdf

Hill, G. M., D. C. Mahan, S. D. Carter, G. L. Cromwell, R. C. Ewan, R. L. Harrold, A. J. Lewis, P. S. Miller, G. C. Shurson, and T. L. Veum. 2001. Effect of pharmacological concentrations of zinc oxide with or without the inclusion of an antibacterial agent on nursery pig performance. Journal of Animal Science. 79:934–941. doi:10.2527/2001.794934x

Hill, G. M., G. L. Cromwell, T. D. Crenshaw, C. R. Dove, R. C. Ewan, D. A. Knabe, A. J. Lewis, G. W. Libal, D. C. Mahan, G. C. Shurson, L. L. Southern, and T. L. Veum. 2000. Growth promotion effects and plasma changes from feeding high dietary concentrations of zinc and copper to weanling pigs (regional study). Journal of Animal Science. 78:1010–1016. doi:10.2527/2000.7841010x

Højberg, O., N. Canibe, H. D. Poulsen, M. S. Hedemann, and B. B. Jensen. 2005. Influence of dietary zinc oxide and copper sulfate on the gastrointestinal ecosystem in newly weaned piglets. Applied Environmental Microbiology. 71:2267-2277. doi:10.1128/AEM.71.5.2267-2277.2005

Hollis, G. R., S. D. Carter, T. R. Cline, T. D. Crenshaw, G. L. Cromwell, G. M. Hill, S. W. Kim, A. J. Lewis, D. C. Mahan, P. S. Miller, H. H. Stein, and T. L. Veum. 2005. Effects of replacing pharmacological levels of dietary zinc oxide with lower dietary levels of various organic zinc sources for weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 83:2123–2129. doi:10.2527/2005.8392123x

Holloway, C. L., R. D. Boyd, C. E. Zier-Rush, C. L. Walk, and J. F. Patience. 2016. Impact on growth performance and carcass characteristics of super-dosing phytase in growing pig diets. Journal of Animal Science. 94(Suppl. 2):113. doi:10.2527/msasas2016-239

Humer, E., C. Schwarz and K. Schedle. 2015. Phytate in pig and poultry nutrition. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 99:605–625. doi:10.1111/jpn.12258

Huwig, A., S. Freimund, O. Käppeli, and H. Dutler. 2001. Mycotoxin detoxication of animal feed by different adsorbents. Toxicology Letters. 122:179-188. doi:10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00360-5

Back to top

J K L

Jacela, J. Y., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nielssen, D. G. Renter, and S. S. Dritz. 2009a. Feed additives for swine: Fact sheet – acidifiers and antibiotics. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 17:270-275.

Jacela, J. Y., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, D. G. Renter, and S. S. Dritz. 2009b. Feed additive for swine: Fact sheets – carcass modifiers, carbohydrase-degrading enzymes and proteases, and anthelmintics. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 17:325-332.

Jacela, J. Y., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, D. G. Renter, and S. S. Dritz. 2010a. Feed additives for swine: Fact sheets – prebiotics and probiotics, and phytogenics. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 18:132-136.

Jacela, J. Y., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, D. G. Renter, and S. S. Dritz. 2010b. Feed additives for swine: Fact sheets – flavors and mold inhibitors, mycotoxin binders, and antioxidants. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 18:27–32.

Jacela, J. Y., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, D. G. Renter, S. S. Dritz. 2010d. Feed additives for swine: Fact sheets – High dietary levels of copper and zinc for young pigs, and phytase. Journal of Swine Health and Production.18:87–91.

Jacela, J. Y., J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, D. G. Renter, and S. S. Dritz. 2010e. Feed additives for swine: Fact sheets – Flavors and mold inhibitors, mycotoxin binders, and antioxidants. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 18:27–32.

Jacela, J. Y., S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, and J. L. Nelssen. 2010c. Effects of supplemental enzymes in diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles on finishing pig growth performance. The Professional Animal Scientist. 26:412-424. doi:10.15232/S1080-7446(15)30623-9

James, B. W., M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, S. S. Dritz, K. Q. Owen, J. C. Woodworth, and R. C. Sulabo. 2013a. Interactive effects of dietary ractopamine HCl and L-carnitine on finishing pigs: I. Growth performance. Journal of Animal Science. 91:3265–3271. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4286

James, B. W., M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, S. S. Dritz, K. Q. Owen, J.C. Woodworth, and R. C. Sulabo. 2013b. Interactive effects of dietary ractopamine HCl and L-carnitine on finishing pigs: II. Carcass characteristics and meat quality. Journal of Animal Science. 91:3272–3282. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4287

James, B. W., M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, S. S. Dritz, K. Q. Owen, J.C. Woodworth, and R. C. Sulabo. 2013c. Effects of dietary L-carnitine and ractopamine HCl on the metabolic response to handling in finishing pig. Journal of Animal Science. 91:4426-4439. doi:10.2527/jas2011-4411

Jard, G., T. Liboz, F. Mathieu, A. Guyonvarc’h, and A. Lebrihi. 2011. Review of mycotoxin reduction in food and feed: from prevention in the field to detoxification by adsorption or transformation. Food Additives and Contaminants - Part A: Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment. 28:1590-1609. doi:10.1080/19440049.2011.595377

Jiang, S. Z., Z. B. Yang, W. R. Yang, S. J. Wang, F. X. Liu, L. A. Johnston, F. Chi, and Y. Wang. 2012. Effect of purified zearalenone with or without modified montmorillonite on nutrient availability, genital organs and serum hormones in post-weaning piglets. Livestock Science. 144:110-118. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2011.11.004

Jiang, Z. Y., W. J. Zhong, C. T. Zheng, Y. C. Lin, L. Yang, and S. Q. Jiang. 2010. Conjugated linoleic acid differentially regulates fat deposition in backfat and longissimus muscle of finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 88:1694–1705. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1551

Jondreville, C., P. S. Revy, and J. Y. Dourmad. 2003. Dietary means to better control the environmental impact of copper and zinc by pigs from weaning to slaughter. Livestock Production Science. 84:147-156. doi:10.1016/j.livprodsci.2003.09.011

Jones, A. M., F. Wu, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. M. DeRouchey, and S. S. Dritz. 2018a. Evaluating the effects of fish meal source and level on growth performance of nursery pigs. Translational Animal Science. 2:144–155. doi:10.1093/tas/txy010

Jones, A. M., J. C. Woodworth, C. I. Vahl, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, and B. D. Goodband. 2018b. Assessment of sampling technique of swine diets on analytical variation. Journal of Animal Science. 96(Suppl. 2):192. doi:doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky073.353

Jones, C. K., J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, and R. D. Goodband. 2010a. Effects of fermented soybean meal and specialty animal protein sources on nursery pig performance. Journal of Animal Science. 88:1725–1732. doi:10.2527/jas.2009-2110

Jones, C. K., J. R. Bergstrom, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, and S. S. Dritz. 2010b. Efficacy of commercial enzymes in diets containing various concentrations and sources of dried distillers grains with solubles for nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 88:2084-2091. doi:10.2527/jas.2009-2109

Jones, C. K., M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, B. W. Ratliff, N. L. Horn, R. D. Goodband, J. M. DeRouchey, R. C. Sulabo, and J. L. Nelssen. 2010c. Efficacy of different commercial phytase enzymes and development of an available phosphorus release curve for Escherichia coli-derived phytases in nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 88:3631–3644. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-2936

Jouany, J. P. 2007. Methods for preventing, decontaminating and minimizing the toxicity of mycotoxins in feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 137:342–362. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.06.009

Keegan, T. P., J. M. DeRouchey, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, and S. S. Dritz. 2004. The effects of poultry meal source and ash level on nursery pig performance. Journal of Animal Science. 82:2750–2756. doi:10.2527/2004.8292750x

Keegan, T. P., S. S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, and R. D. Goodband. 2005. Effects of in-feed antimicrobial alternatives and antimicrobials on nursery pig performance and weight variation. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 13:12-18.

Kerr, B. J., M. T. Kidd, J. A. Cuaron, K. L. Bryant, T. M. Parr, C. V. Maxwell, and E. Weaver. 2004. Utilization of spray-dried blood cells and crystalline isoleucine in nursery pig diets. Journal of Animal Science. 82:2397-2404. doi:10.2527/2004.8282397x

Kerr, B. J., T. A. Kellner, and G. C. Shurson. 2015. Characteristics of lipids and their feeding value in swine diets. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 6:30–53. doi:10.1186/s40104-015-0028-x

Kerr, B. J., T. E. Weber, and G. C. Shurson. 2013. Evaluation of commercially available enzymes, probiotics, or yeast on apparent total-tract nutrient digestion and growth in nursery and finishing pigs fed diets containing corn dried distillers grains with solubles. The Professional Animal Scientist. 29:508–517. doi: 10.15232/S1080-7446(15)30272-2

Kiarie, E., C. M. Nyachoti, B. A. Slominski, and G. Blank. 2007. Growth performance, gastrointestinal microbial activity, and nutrient digestibility in early-weaned pigs fed diets containing flaxseed and carbohydrase enzyme. Journal of Animal Science. 85:2982-2993. doi:10.2527/jas.2006-481.

Kiarie, E., S. Bhandari, M. Scott, D. O. Krause, and C. M. Nyachoti. 2011. Growth performance and gastrointestinal microbial ecology responses of piglets receiving Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products after an oral challenge with Escherichia coli (K88). Journal of Animal Science. 89:1062-1078. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3424

Kil, D. Y., Kwon, W. B., and Kim, B. G. 2011. Dietary acidifiers in weanling pig diets: a review. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias. 24:231-247.

Kim, B. G., D. Y. Kil, Y. Zhang, and H. H. Stein. 2012. Concentrations of analyzed or reactive lysine, but not crude protein, may predict the concentration of digestible lysine in distillers dried grains with solubles fed to pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 90:3798–3808. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4692

Kim, B. G., M. D. Lindemann, and G. L. Cromwell. 2009. The effects of dietary chromium(III) picolinate on growth performance, blood measurements, and respiratory rate in pigs kept in high and low ambient temperature. Journal of Animal Science. 87:1695–1704. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1218

Kim, S. W., and R. A. Easter. 2001. Nutritional value of fish meals in the diet for young pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 79:1829. doi:10.2527/2001.7971829x

Kiros, T. G., H. Derakhshani, E. Pinloche, R. D’Inca, Jason Marshall, E. Auclair, E. Khafipour, and A. Van Kessel. 2018. Effect of live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Actisaf Sc 47) supplementation on the performance and hindgut microbiota composition of weanling pigs. Scientific Reports. 8:5315-5328. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23373-8

Kluge, H., J. Broz, and K. Eder. 2010. Effects of dietary benzoic acid on urinary pH and nutrient digestibility in lactating sows. Livestock Science. 134:119-121. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2010.06.116

Kogan, G., and A. Kocher. 2007. Role of yeast cell wall polysaccharides in pig nutrition and health protection. Livestock Science. 109:161-165. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.134

Kong, C., H. G. Kang, B. G. Kim, and K. H. Kim. 2014. Ileal digestibility of amino acids in meat meal and soybean meal fed to growing pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 27:990–995. doi:10.5713/ajas.2014.14217

Kruse, S., I. Traulsen, J. Krieter. 2011. Analysis of water, feed intake and performance of lactating sows. Livestock Science. 135:177–183. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2010.07.002

Laird, S., I. Kühn, and H. M. Miller. 2018. Super-dosing phytase improves the growth performance of weaner pigs fed a low iron diet. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 242:150-160. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.06.004

Laitat, M., M. Vandenheede, A. Desiron, B. Canart, and B. Nicks. 1999. Comparison of performance, water intake and feeding behaviour of weaned pigs given either pellets or meal. Animal Science. 69:491-499. doi:10.1017/S1357729800051341

Larsen, S. T., B. R. Wiegand, F. C. Parrish, J. E. Swan, and J. C. Sparks. 2009. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid changes belly and bacon quality from pigs fed varied lipid sources. Journal of Animal Science. 87:285–295. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1213

Lerner, A. B., M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, J. M. DeRouchey, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, C. Hastad, K. Coble, E. Arkfeld, H. C. Cartagena, and C. Vahl. 2018. Effects of dietary corn dried distillers grains with solubles withdrawal on finishing pig performance and carcass characteristics. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports. 4(9). doi:10.4148/2378-5977.7686

Li, D. F., J. L. Nelssen, P. G. Reddy, F. Blecha, J. D. Hancock, G. L. Allee, R. D. Goodband, and R. D. Klemm. 1990. Transient hypersensitivity to soybean meal in the early-weaned pig. 68:1790-1799. doi:10.2527/1990.6861790x

Li, Y., S. L. Hansen, L. B. Borst, J. W. Spears, and A. J. Moeser. 2016. Dietary iron deficiency and oversupplementation increase intestinal permeability, ion transport, and inflammation in pigs. The Journal of Nutrition. 146:1499-505. doi:10.3945/jn.116.231621

Li, Z. C., Y. K. Li, Z. Q. Lv, H. Liu, J. B. Zhao, J. Noblet, F. Wang, C. Lai, and D. Li. 2017. Net energy of corn, soybean meal and rapeseed meal in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 8:44-54. doi:10.1186/s40104-017-0169-1

Li, Z., H. Liu, Y. Li, Z. Lv, L. Liu, C. Lai, J. Wang, F. Wang, D. Li, and S. Zhang. 2018. Methodologies on estimating the energy requirements for maintenance and determining the net energy contents of feed ingredients in swine: A review of recent work. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 9:39-52. doi:10.1186/s40104-018-0254-0

Liao, S. F., and M. Nyachoti. 2017. Using probiotics to improve swine gut health and nutrient utilization. Animal Nutrition. 3:331-343. doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2017.06.007

Lien, T.-F., C.-P. Wu, B.-J. Wang, M.-S. Shiao, T.-Y. Shiao, B.-H. Lin, J.-J. Lu, and C.-Y. Hu. 2001. Effect of supplemental levels of chromium picolinate on the growth performance, serum traits, carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism of growing- finishing pigs. Animal Science. 72:289–296. doi:10.1017/S1357729800055788

Lindemann, M. D., C. M. Wood, A. F. Harper, E. T. Kornegay, and R. A. Anderson. 1995. Dietary chromium picolinate additions improve gain:feed and carcass characteristics in growing-finishing pigs and increase litter size in reproducing sows. Journal of Animal Science. 73:457–465. doi:10.2527/1995.732457x

Lindemann, M. D., S. D. Carter, L. I. Chiba, C. R. Dove, F. M. LeMieux, and L. L. Southern. 2004. A regional evaluation of chromium tripicolinate supplementation of diets fed to reproducing sows. Journal of Animal Science. 82:2972-2977. doi:10.2527/2004.82102972x

Liu, Y. 2015. Fatty acids, inflammation and intestinal health in pigs. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 6:41-50. doi:10.1186/s40104-015-0040-1

Liu, Y., C. D. Espinosa, J. J. Abelilla, G. A. Casas, L. V. Lagos, S. A. Lee, W. B. Kwon, J. K. Mathai, D. M. D. L. Navarro, N. W. Jaworski, and H. H. Stein. 2018. Non-antibiotic feed additives in diets for pigs: A review. Animal Nutrition. 4:113-125. doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2018.01.007

Liu, Y., M. Song, T. Maison, and H. H. Stein. 2014. Effects of protein concentration and heat treatment on concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy and on amino acid digestibility in four sources of canola meal fed to growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 92:4466–4477. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-7433

Liu, Y., R. Jha, and H. H. Stein. 2018. Nutritional composition, gross energy concentration, and in vitro digestibility of dry matter in 46 sources of bakery meals. Journal of Animal Science. doi:10.1093/jas/sky310

Liu, Y., Y. L. Ma, J. M. Zhao, M. Vazquez-Añón, and H. H. Stein. 2014. Digestibility and retention of zinc, copper, manganese, iron, calcium, and phosphorus in pigs fed diets containing inorganic or organic minerals. Journal of Animal Science. 92:3407–3415. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-7080.

Lu, T., A. F. Harper, J. Zhao, M. J. Estienne, and R. A. Dalloul. 2014. Supplementing antioxidants to pigs fed diets high in oxidants: I. Effects on growth performance, liver function, and oxidative status. Journal of Animal Science. 92:5455–5463. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-7109

Back to top

M N O

Ma, Y. L., M. D. Lindemann, G. L. Cromwell, R. B. Cox, G. Rentfrow, and J. L. Pierce. 2012. Evaluation of trace mineral source and preharvest deletion of trace minerals from finishing diets for pigs on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork quality. Journal of Animal Science. 90:3833–3841. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4535.

Ma, Y. L., M. D. Lindemann, J. L. Pierce, J. M. Unrine, and G. L. Cromwell. 2014. Effect of inorganic or organic selenium supplementation on reproductive performance and tissue trace mineral concentrations in gravid first-parity gilts, fetuses, and nursing piglets. Journal of Animal Science. 92:5540–5550. doi:10.2527/jas.2014-7590.

Maeda, K., K. Kohira, H. Kubota, K. Yamanaka, K. Saito, and M. Irie. 2017. Effect of dietary kapok oil supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and sensory traits of pork in finishing-pigs. Animal Science Journal. 88:1066-1074. doi:10.1111/asj.12731.

Main, R. G., S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, and J. L. Nelssen. 2008. Determining an optimum lysine:calorie ratio for barrows and gilts in a commercial finishing facility. Journal of Animal Science. 86:2190–2207. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0408

Malagutti, L., M. Zannotti, A. Scampini, and F. Sciaraffia. 2005. Effects of ochratoxin A on heavy pig production. Animal Research. 54:179-184. doi:10.1051/animres:2005019

Marchant-Forde, J. N., D. C. Lay, E. A. Pajor, B. T. Richert, and A. P. Schinckel. 2003. The effects of ractopamine on the behavior and physiology of finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 81:416–422. doi:10.2527/2003.812416x

Matthews, J. O., A. C. Guzik, F. M. Lemieux, L. L. Southern, and T. D. Bidner. 2005. Effects of chromium propionate on growth, carcass traits, and pork quality of growing-finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 83:858–862. doi:10.2527/2005.834858x

Matthews, J. O., L. L. Southern, A. D. Higbie, M. A. Persica, and T. D. Bidner. 2001a. Effects of betaine on growth, carcass characteristics, pork quality, and plasma metabolites of finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 79:722–728. doi:10.2527/2001.793722x

Matthews, J. O., L. L. Southern, T. D. Bidner, and M. A. Persica. 2001b. Effects of betaine, pen space, and slaughter handling method on growth performance, carcass traits, and pork quality of finishing barrows. Journal of Animal Science. 79:967–974. doi:10.2527/2001.794967x

Mejicanos, G., N. Sanjayan, I. H. Kim, and C. M. Nyachoti. 2016. Recent advances in canola meal utilization in swine nutrition. Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 58:7–20. doi:10.1186/s40781-016-0085-5

Mendoza, S. M., R. D. Boyd, C. E. Zier-Rush, P. R. Ferket, K. D. Haydon, and E. van Heugten. 2017a. Effect of natural betaine and ractopamine HCl on whole-body and carcass growth in pigs housed under high ambient temperatures. Journal of Animal Science. 95:3047–3056. doi:10.2527/jas.2017.1622

Mendoza, S. M., R. D. Boyd, P. R. Ferket, and E. van Heugten. 2017b. Effects of dietary supplementation of the osmolyte betaine on growing pig performance and serological and hematological indices during thermoneutral and heat-stressed conditions. Journal of Animal Science. 95:5040–5053. doi:10.2527/jas2017.1905

Mersmann, H. J. 1998. Overview of the effects of β-adrenergic receptor agonists on animal growth including mechanisms of action. Journal of Animal Science. 76:160–172. doi:10.2527/1998.761160x

Miller, H. M., R. D. Slade, and A. E. Taylor. High dietary inclusion levels of phytase in grower-finisher pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 94(Suppl. 3):121–124. doi:10.2527/jas.2015-9784

Mooney, K. W., and G. L. Cromwell. 1999. Efficacy of chromium picolinate on performance and tissue accretion in pigs with different lean gain potential. Journal of Animal Science. 77:1188-1198. doi:10.2527/1999.7751188x

Morales, J., A. Manso, T. Martín-Jiménez, H. Karembe, and D. Sperling. 2018. Comparison of the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of two different iron supplementation products in suckling piglets. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 26:200–207.

Moran, K., R. D. Boyd, C. E. Zier-Rush, A. J. Elsbernd, P. Wilcock, and E. van Heugten. 2018. Effects of super-dosing phytase and inositol supplementation on growth performance and blood metabolites of weaned pigs housed under commercial conditions. Journal of Animal Science. 96(Suppl. 2):164. doi:10.1093/jas/sky073.302

Morris, G. K., W. T. Martin, W. H. Shelton, J. G. Wells, and P. S. Brachman. 1970. Salmonellae in fish meal plants: Relative amounts of contamination at various stages of processing and a method of control. Applied Microbiology. 19:401-408.

Müller, H. L., M. Kirchgessner, F. X. Roth, and G. I. Stangl. 2000. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on energy metabolism in growing‐finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 83:85-94. doi:10.1046/j.1439-0396.2000.00253.x

Musser, R. E., R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, K. Q. Owen, J. L. Nelssen, S. A. Blum, S. S. Dritz, and C. A. Civis. 1999. Effects of L-carnitine fed during gestation and lactation on sow and litter performance. Journal of Animal Science. 77:3289–3295. doi:10.2527/1999.77123289x

Myers, A. J., R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, and J. L. Nelssen. 2014. The effects of porcine intestinal mucosa protein sources on nursery pig growth performance. Journal of Animal Science. 92:783–792. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-6551

Nagai, M., K. Hachimura, and K. J. Takahashi. 1994. Water consumption in suckling pigs. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 56:181-183.

Narayanappa, A. T., H. Sooryanarain, J. Deventhiran, D. Cao, B. A. Venkatachalam, D. Kambiranda, T. LeRoith, C. L. Heffron, N. Lindstrom, K. Hall, P. Jobst, C. Sexton, X.-J. Meng, and S. Elankumaran. 2015.A novel pathogenic mammalian orthoreovirus from diarrheic pigs and swine blood meal in the United States. mBio. 6:e00593-15. doi:10.1128/mBio.00593-15

National Research Council. 2012. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. 11^thRevised Edition. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC. doi:10.17226/13298

National Swine Nutrition Guide. 2010. Tables on nutrient recommendations, ingredient composition, and use rates. PIG 07-02-09.

Nitikanchana, S., S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Goodband, and B. J. White. 2015. Regression analysis to predict growth performance from dietary net energy in growing-finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 93:2826-2839.

Noblet, J., H. Fortune, X. S. Shi, and S. Dubois. 1994. Prediction of net energy value of feeds for growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 72:344–354. doi:10.2527/1994.722344x

Osweiler, G. D., and S. M. Ensley. 2012. Mycotoxins in grains and feeds. In: Zimmerman, J. J., L. A. Karriker, A. Ramirez, K. J, Schwartz, G. W. Stevenson (eds.) Diseases of Swine. 10^thed. Oxford, England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 938-952.

Owen, K. Q., H. Ji, C. V. Maxwell, J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, G. C. Tremblay, and S. I. Koo. 2001b. Dietary L-carnitine suppresses mitochondrial branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase activity and enhances protein accretion and carcass characteristics of swine. Journal of Animal Science. 79:3104–3112.

Owen, K. Q., J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, and K. G. Friesen. 2001a. Effect of dietary L-carnitine on growth performance and body composition in nursery and growing-finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 79:1509–1515.

Back to top

P Q R

Pagano, A. R., K. R. Roneker, and X. G. Lei. 2007. Distribution of supplemental Escherichia coli AppA2 phytase activity in digesta of various gastrointestinal segments of young pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 85:1444–1452. doi:10.2527/jas.2006-111

Parr, C. K., Y. Liu, C. M. Parsons, and H. H. Stein. 2015. Effects of high-protein or conventional canola meal on growth performance, organ weights, bone ash, and blood characteristics of weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 93:2165–2173. doi:10.2527/jas.2014-8439

Patience, J. F. 2012. Water in swine nutrition. In: L. I. Chiba (ed.) Sustainable Swine Nutrition. John Wiley & Sons Inc., Ames, Iowa.

Paulk, C. B., J. D. Hancock, A. C. Fahrenholz, J. M. Wilson, L. J. Mckinny, and K. C. Behnke. 2015. Effects of sorghum particle size on milling characteristics and growth performance in finishing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 202:75-80. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.01.017

Pérez, V. G., A. M. Waguespack, T. D. Bidner, L. L. Southern, T. M. Fakler, T. L. Ward, M. Steidinger, and J. E. Pettigrew. 2011. Additivity of effects from dietary copper and zinc on growth performance and fecal microbiota of pigs after weaning. Journal of Animal Science. 89:414–425. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-2839

Perri, A. M., R. M. Friendship, J. S. C. Harding, and T. L. O’Sullivan. 2016. An investigation of iron deficiency and anemia in piglets and the effect of iron status at weaning on post-weaning performance. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 24:10–20.

Peters, J. C., and D. C. Mahan. 2008. Effects of dietary organic and inorganic trace mineral levels on sow reproductive performances and daily mineral intakes over six parities. Journal of Animal Science. 86:2247–2260. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0431.

Peters, J. C., D. C. Mahan, T. G. Wiseman, and N. D. Fastinger. 2010. Effect of dietary organic and inorganic micromineral source and level on sow body, liver, colostrum, mature milk, and progeny mineral compositions over six parities. Journal of Animal Science. 88:626–637. doi:10.2527/jas.2009-1782.

Pierron, A., I. Alassane-Kpembi, I. P. Oswald. 2016. Impact of mycotoxin on immune response and consequences for pig health. Animal Nutrition. 2:63-68. doi:doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2016.03.001.

Pietruszka, A., E. Jacyno, A. Kolodziej, M. Kawecka, C. Elzanowski, and B. Matysiak. 2009. Effects of L-carnitine and iron diet supplementations on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and blood metabolites in fattening pigs. Agricultural and Food Science. 18:27–34. doi:10.2137/145960609788066816

Ramanau, A., H. Kluge, J. Spilke, and K. Eder. 2004. Supplementation of sows with L-carnitine during pregnancy and lactation improves growth of the piglets during the suckling period through increased milk production. Journal of Nutrition. 134:86–92. doi:10.1093/jn/134.1.86

Ramanau, A., H. Kluge, J. Spilke, and K. Eder. 2008. Effects of dietary supplementation of L-carnitine on the reproductive performance of sows in production stocks. Livestock Science. 113:34–42. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.02.009

Ramis, G., J. N. B. Evangelista, J. J. Quereda, F. J. Pallarés, J. M. De la Fuente, and A. Muñoz. 2011. Use of betaine in gilts and sows during lactation: effects on milk quality, reproductive parameters, and piglet performance. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 19:226-232.

Real, D. E., J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, and K. Q. Owen. 2008. Additive effects of L-carnitine and chromium picolinate on sow reproductive performance. Livestock Science. 116:63-69. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.08.009

Reddy, M.B., and M. Love. 1999. The impact of food processing on the nutritional quality of vitamins and minerals. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 459:99-106. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4853-9_7

Reese, D. E., and B. Thaler. 2010. Swine feed and ingredient sampling and analysis. National Swine Nutrition Guide. PIG 07-04-02.

Reese, D. E., and G. M. Hill. 2010. Trace minerals and vitamins for swine diets. National Swine Nutrition Guide. PIG 07-02-06.

Reinhart, G. A., and D. C. Mahan. 1986. Effect of various calcium:phosphorus ratios at low and high dietary phosphorus for starter, grower and finishing swine. Journal of Animal Science. 63:457–466. doi:10.2527/jas1986.632457x

Remus, A., I. Andretta, M. Kipper, C. R. Lehnen, C. C. Klein, P. A. Lovatto, and L. Hauschild. 2013. A meta-analytical study about the relation of blood plasma addition in diets for piglets in the post-weaning and productive performance variables. Livestock Science. 155:294–300. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2013.04.020

Ritter, M. J., A. K. Johnson, M. E. Benjamin, S. N. Carr, M. Ellis, L. Faucitano, T. Grandin, J. L. Salak-Johnson, D. U. Thomson, C. Goldhawk, and M. S. Calvo-Lorenzo. 2017. Review: Effects of Ractopamine Hydrochloride (Paylean) on welfare indicators for market weight pigs. Translational Animal Science. 1:533–558. doi:10.2527/tas2017.0060

Rodrigues, I., and K. Naehrer. 2012. A three-year survey on the worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in feedstuffs and feed. Toxins. 4:663–675. doi:10.3390/toxins4090663

Rojas, O. J., and H. H. Stein. 2015. Effects of reducing the particle size of corn grain on the concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy and on the digestibility of energy and nutrients in corn grain fed to growing pigs. Livestock Science. 181:187–193. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2015.09.013

Rosenfelder, P., M. Eklund, and R. Mosenthin. 2013. Nutritive value of wheat and wheat by-products in pig nutrition: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 185:107–125. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.07.011

Back to top

S T U

Sadler, L. J., J.R. Garvey, T. J. Uhlenkamp, C. J. Jackson, K. J. Stalder, A. K. Johnson, L. A. Karriker, R. A. Edler, J. T. Holck, and P. R. DuBois. 2008. Drinker to nursery pigs ratio: effects on drinking behavior and performance. Iowa State University Animal Industry Report. AS 654, ASL R2335. doi:10.31274/ans_air-180814-704

Sales, J. 2011. A meta-analysis of the effects of dietary betaine supplementation on finishing performance and carcass characteristics of pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 165:68–78. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.02.008

Sales, J., and F. Jančík. 2011. Effects of dietary chromium supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of growing-finishing swine: A meta-analysis. Journal of Animal Science. 89:4054–4067. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3495

Schrama, J. W., M. J. W. Heetkamp, P. H. Simmins, and W. J. J. Gerrits. 2003. Dietary betaine supplementation affects energy metabolism of pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 81:1202–1209. doi:10.2527/2003.8151202x

Selle, P. H., A. J. Cowieson, and V. Ravindran. 2009. Consequences of calcium interactions with phytate and phytase for poultry and pigs. Livestock Science. 124:126-141. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2009.01.006

Selle, P. H., and V. Ravindran. 2008. Phytate-degrading enzymes in pig nutrition. Livestock Science. 113:99–122. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.05.014

Shaw, M. I., A. D. Beaulieu, and J. F. Patience. 2006. Effect of diet composition on water consumption in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 84:3123-3132. doi:10.2527/jas.2005-690

Shawk, D. J., M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, J. M. DeRouchey, A. B. Lerner, F. Wu, C. M. Vier, M. M. Moniz, and K. N. Nemechek. 2018a. Effects of sodium and chloride source and concentration on nursery pig growth performance. Journal of Animal Science. sky429. doi:10.1093/jas/sky429

Shawk, D. J., R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, A. B. Lerner, and H. E. Williams. 2018b. Effects of added dietary salt on pig growth performance. Translational Animal Science, 2:396-406. doi:10.1093/tas/txy085

Shawk, D. J., S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, and J. M. DeRouchey. 2018. Effects of sodium metabisulfite additives on nursery pig growth. Translational Animal Science. txy098. doi:10.1093/tas/txy098

She, Y., J. C. Sparks, and H. H. Stein. 2018. Effects of increasing concentrations of an Escherichia coli phytase on the apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids and the apparent total tract digestibility of energy and nutrients in corn-soybean meal diets fed to growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 96:2804-2816. doi:10.1093/jas/sky152

Shelton, J. L., R. L. Payne, S. L. Johnston, T. D. Bidner, L. L. Southern, R. L. Odgaard, and T. G. Page. 2003. Effect of chromium propionate on growth, carcass traits, pork quality, and plasma metabolites in growing-finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 81:2515–2524. doi:10.2527/2003.81102515x

Shelton, N. W., M. D. Tokach, J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, J. M. DeRouchey, and G. M. Hill. 2011. Effects of copper sulfate, tri-basic copper chloride, and zinc oxide on weanling pig performance. Journal of Animal Science. 89:2440–2451. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3432

Shelton, N. W., S. S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. M. DeRouchey, H. Yang, D. A. Hill, D. Holzgraefe, D. H. Hall, and D. C. Mahan. 2014. Effects of dietary vitamin E concentration and source on sow, milk, and pig concentrations of α-tocopherol. Journal of Animal Science. 92:4547–4556. doi:10.2527/jas.2014-7311

Shen, Y. B., X. S. Piao, S. W. Kim, L. Wang, P. Liu, I. Yoon, and Y. G. Zhen. 2009. Effects of yeast culture supplementation on growth performance, intestinal health, and immune response of nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 87:2614-2624. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1512.

Shurson, G. C, T. M. Salzer, D. D. Koehler, and M. H. Whitney. 2011. Effect of metal specific amino acid complexes and inorganic trace minerals on vitamin stability in premixes. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 163:200-206. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.11.001

Shurson, G. C., B. J. Kerr, and A. R. Hanson. 2015. Evaluating the quality of feed fats and oils and their effects on pig growth performance. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 6:10–21. doi:10.1186/s40104-015-0005-4

Simongiovanni A., E. Le Gall, Y. Primot, and E. Corrent. 2012. Estimating amino acid requirements through dose-response experiments in pigs and poultry. Ajinomoto Eurolysine Technical Note. Available at: http://ajinomoto-eurolysine.com/estimating-amino-acid-requirements.html

Slominski, B. A., T. Davie, M. C. Nyachoti, and O. Jones. 2007. Heat stability of endogenous and microbial phytase during feed pelleting. Livestock Science. 109:244-246. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.124

Smith, J. W., M. D. Tokach, A. P. Schinckel, S. S. Dritz, M. Einstein, J. L. Nelssen, and R. D. Goodband. 1999. Developing farm-specific lysine requirements using accretion curves: data collection procedures and techniques. Journal of Swine Health and Production. 7:277-282.

Song, M., T. M. Che, Y. Liu, J. A. Soares, B. G. Harmon, J. E. Pettigrew. 2012. Effects of dietary spray-dried egg on growth performance and health of weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 90:3080–3087. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4305

Song, R., C. Chen, L. J. Johnston, B. J. Kerr, T. E. Weber, and G. C. Shurson. 2014. Effects of feeding diets containing highly peroxidized distillers dried grains with solubles and increasing vitamin E levels to wean-finish on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork fat composition. Journal of Animal Science. 92:198–210. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-6334

Soto, J. A., M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, J. M. DeRouchey, and B. D. Goodband. 2018. Evaluation of dietary phytogenics on growth performance and carcass characteristics of pigs during the growing-finishing phase. Journal of Animal Science. 96(Suppl. 2):125–126. doi:10.1093/jas/sky073.232

Stahly, T. S., G. L. Cromwell, and H. J. Monegue.1980. Effect of single additions and combinations of copper and antibiotics on the performance of weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 51:1347–1351.

Stein, H. H., A. A. Pahm, and J. A. Roth. 2010. Feeding wheat to pigs. Swine Focus. #002. Available at: https://nutrition.ansci.illinois.edu/sites/default/files/SwineFocus002.pdf

Stein, H. H., and D. Y. Kil. 2006. Reduced use of antibiotic growth promoters in diets fed to weanling pigs: Dietary tools, part 2. Animal Biotechnology.17:217-231. doi:10.1080/10495390600957191

Stein, H. H., L. V. Lagos, and G. A. Casas. 2016. Nutritional value of feed ingredients of plant origin fed to pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 218:33–69. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.003

Stoev, S.D., M. Paskalev, S. MacDonald, and P.G. Mantle. 2002. Experimental one year ochratoxin A toxicosis in pigs. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology. 53:481-487. doi:10.1078/0940-2993-00213

Suiryanrayna, M. V., and J. V. Ramana. 2015. A review of the effects of dietary organic acids fed to swine. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 6:45-55. doi:10.1186/s40104-015-0042-z

Sulabo, R. C., C. K. Jones, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, D. R. Campbell B. W. Ratliff, J. M. DeRouchey, and J. L. Nelssen. 2011. Factors affecting storage stability of various commercial phytase sources. Journal of Animal Science. 89:4262-4271. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-3948

Sulabo, R. C., J. K. Mathai, J. L. Usry, B. W. Ratliff, D. M. McKilligan, J. D. Moline, G. Xu, and H. H. Stein. 2013. Nutritional value of dried fermentation biomass, hydrolyzed porcine intestinal mucosa products, and fish meal fed to weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 91:2802-2811. doi:10.2527/jas2012-5327

Święch E. 2017. Alternative prediction methods of protein and energy evaluation of pig feeds. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 8:39. doi:10.1186/s40104-017-0171-7

Thacker, P. A. 2013. Alternatives to antibiotics as growth promoters for use in swine production: A review. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 4:35-47. doi:10.1186/2049-1891-4-35

Thiel-Cooper, R. L., F. C. Parrish, J. C. Sparks, B. R. Wiegand, and R. C. Ewan. 2001. Conjugated linoleic acid changes swine performance and carcass composition. Journal of Animal Science. 79:1821–1828.

Torres-Pitarch, A., D. Hermans, E. G. Manzanilla, J. Bindelle, N. Everaert, Y. Beckers, D. Torrallardona, G. Bruggeman, G. E. Gardiner, and P. G. Lawlor. 2017. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 233:145-159. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.04.024

Tran, T. H. T., N. Everaert, and J. Bindelle. 2016. Review on the effects of potential prebiotics on controlling intestinal enteropathogens Salmonella and Escherichia coli in pig production. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 102:17-32. doi:10.1111/jpn.12666

Traylor, S. L., G. L. Cromwell, and M. D. Lindemann. 2005. Bioavailability of phosphorus in meat and bone meal for swine. Journal of Animal Science. 83:1054–1061. doi:10.2527/2005.8351054x

Tung, C., and J. Pettigrew. 2006. Critical review of acidifiers. National Pork Board. #05-169. Available at: http://old.pork.org/filelibrary/animalscience/reviewofacidifiers.pdf

Upadhaya, S., K. Lee, and I. Kim. 2014. Protected organic acids blends as an alternative to antibiotics in finishing pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science. 27:1600-1607. doi:10.5713/ajas.2014.14356

Back to top

V W X

van der Aar, P. J., F. Molist, and J. D. van der Klis. 2017. The central role of intestinal health on the effect of feed additives on feed intake in swine and poultry. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 233:64-75. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.07.019

van Wettere, W. H. E. J., P. Herde, and P. E. Hughes. 2012. Supplementing sow gestation diets with betaine during summer increases litter size of sows with greater numbers of parities. Animal Reproduction Science. 132:44-49. doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.04.007

van Wettere, W. H. E. J., R. J. Smits, and P. E. Hughes. 2013. Methyl donor supplementation of gestating sow diets improves pregnancy outcomes and litter size. Animal Production Science. 53:1–7. doi:10.1071/AN11350

Vier, C. M., S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, M. A. Gonçalves, F. Gomez, D. Hamilton, J. C. Woodworth, R. D. Goodband, and J. M. DeRouchey. 2018. Determining the effects of cup waterer on growth performance of growing and finishing pigs. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports. 4(9). doi:10.4148/2378-5977.7694

Vila-Donat, P., S. Marín, V. Sanchis, and A. J. Ramos. 2018. A review of the mycotoxin adsorbing agents, with an emphasis on their multi-binding capacity, for animal feed decontamination. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 114:246-259. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.044

Walk, C. L., P. Wilcock, and E. Magowan. 2015. Evaluation of the effects of pharmacological zinc oxide and phosphorus source on weaned piglet growth performance, plasma minerals and mineral digestibility. Animal. 9:1145-1152. doi:10.1017/S175173111500035X

Wallace, R. J., J. Gropp, N. Dierick, L. G. Costa, G. Martelli, P. G. Brantom, V. Bampidis, D. W. Renshaw, and L. Leng. 2016. Risks associated with endotoxins in feed additives produced by fermentation. Environmental Health. 15:5-11. doi:10.1186/s12940-016-0087-2

Wang, L. F., H. Zhang, E. Beltranena, and R. T. Zijlstra. 2018. Diet nutrient and energy digestibility and growth performance of weaned pigs fed hulled or hull-less barley differing in fermentable starch and fibre to replace wheat grain. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 242:59–68. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.05.012

Wang, L., Z. Shi, Z. Jia, B. Su, B. Shi, and A. Shan. 2013. The effects of dietary supplementation with chromium picolinate throughout gestation on productive performance, Cr concentration, serum parameters, and colostrum composition in sows. Biological Trace Element Research. 154:55-61. doi:10.1007/s12011-013-9699-3

Wei, B., Q. Meng, S. He, Z. Qu, S. Nie, B. Shi, and A. Shan. 2018. Effects of L-carnitine in the distillers dried grains with solubles diet of sows on reproductive performance and antioxidant status of sows and their offspring. Animal. 1-10. doi:10.1017/S1751731118003105

Weng, R. -C. 2016. Dietary fat preference and effects on performance of piglets at weaning. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 30:834–842. doi:10.5713/ajas.16.0499

White, G. A., L. A. Smith, J. G. M. Houdijk, D. Homer, I. Kyriazakis, and J. Wiseman. 2015. Replacement of soya bean meal with peas and faba beans in growing/finishing pig diets: Effect on performance, carcass composition and nutrient excretion. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 209:202–210. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.08.005

White, H. M., B. T. Richert, J. S. Radcliffe, A. P. Schinckel, J. R. Burgess, S. L. Koser, S. S. Donkin, and M. A. Latour. 2009. Feeding conjugated linoleic acid partially recovers carcass quality in pigs fed dried corn distillers grains with solubles, Journal of Animal Science. 87:157–166. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0734

Whitley, N. C., M. Thomas, J. L. Ramirez, A. B. Moore, and N. M. Cox. 2002. Influences of parity and level of feed intake on reproductive response to insulin administration after weaning in sows. Journal of Animal Science. 80:1038–1043.

Williams, H., C. D. Roubicek, J. M. DeRouchey, J. C. Woodworth, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, and A. Holtcamp. 2018b.Effects of the age of newborn pigs receiving an iron injection on suckling and subsequent nursery performance and blood criteria. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports. 4(9). doi:10.4148/2378-5977.7654

Williams, H., J. C. Woodworth, J. M. DeRouchey, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, and A. Holtcamp. 2018a. Effects of Fe dosage in newborn pigs on preweaning and subsequent nursery performance. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports. 4(9). doi:10.4148/2378-5977.7653

Windisch, W., K. Schedle, C. Plitzner, and A. Kroismayr. 2008. Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. Journal of Animal Science. 86:140-148. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0459

Woodworth, J. C., M. D. Tokach, J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, S. I. Koo, J. E. Minton, and K. Q. Owen. 2007. Influence of dietary L-carnitine and chromium picolinate on blood hormones and metabolites of gestating sows fed one meal per day. Journal of Animal Science. 85:2524–2537. doi:10.2527/jas.2006-284

Woyengo, T. A., and C. M. Nyachoti. 2013. Anti‐nutritional effects of phytic acid in diets for pigs and poultry: Current knowledge and directions for future research. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 93:9–21. doi:10.4141/cjas2012-017

Woyengo, T. A., E. Beltranena, and R. T. Zijlstra. 2014. Controlling feed cost by including alternative ingredients into pig diets: A review. Journal of Animal Science. 92:1293–1305. doi:10.2527/jas.2013-7169

Wu, Z., D. F. Li, Y. X. Ma, Y. Yu, and J. Noblet. 2007. Evaluation of energy systems in determining the energy cost of gain of growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing different levels of dietary fat. Archives of Animal Nutrition. 61:1-9. doi:10.1080/17450390601106614

Back to top

Y Z

Yang, H., X. Lu, J. Wang, J. Li, H. Li, and Y. Qin. 2007. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy-based methods for phytase registration in feed industry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 55:7667–7675. doi: 10.1021/jf071241u

Yazdankhah, S., K. Rudi, and A. Bernhoft. 2014. Zinc and copper in animal feed – development of resistance and co-resistance to antimicrobial agents in bacteria of animal origin. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. 25:25862-25869. doi:10.3402/mehd.v25.25862.

Ying, W., M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, T. E. Houser, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, and J. L. Nelssen. 2013. Effects of dietary L-carnitine and dried distillers grains with solubles on growth, carcass characteristics, and loin and fat quality of growing-finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 91:3211–3219. doi:10.2527/jas.2012-5606

Yoder, A., M. D. Tokach, J. M. DeRouchey, C. B. Paulk, C. R. Stark, and C. K. Jones. 2017. Cleaning reduces mycotoxin contamination in corn. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports. 3:7. doi:10.4148/ 2378-5977.7503

Young, J. C., H. L. Trenholm, D. W. Friend, and D. B. Prelusky. 1987. Detoxification of deoxynivalenol with sodium bisulfite and evaluation of the effects when pure mycotoxin or contaminated corn was treated and given to pigs. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 35:259–261. doi:10.1021/jf00074a023

Young, L. G., L. McGirr, V.E. Valli, J.H. Lumsden, and A. Lun. 1983. Vomitoxin in corn fed to young pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 57:655–664. doi:10.2527/jas1983.573655x

Yu, X. H., R. Rawat, and J. Shanklin. 2011. Characterization and analysis of the cotton cyclopropane fatty acid synthase family and their contribution to cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis. BMC Plant Biology. 11:97-107. doi:10.1186/1471-2229-11-97-107.

Zeng, Z. K., D. Wang, X. S. Piao, P. F. Li, H. Y. Zhang, C. X. Shi, and S. K. Yu. 2014. Effects of adding super dose phytase to the phosphorus-deficient diets of young pigs on growth performance, bone quality, minerals and amino acids digestibilities. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science. 27:237-246. doi:10.5713/ajas.2013.13370

Zeng, Z., S. Zhang, H. Wang, and X. Piao. 2015. Essential oil and aromatic plants as feed additives in non-ruminant nutrition: a review. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 6:7-17. doi:10.1186/s40104-015-0004-5

Zentek Z., S. Buchheit-Renko, F. Ferrara, W. Vahjen, A. G. Van Kessel, and R. Pieper. 2011. Nutritional and physiological role of medium-chain triglycerides and medium-chain fatty acids in piglets. Animal Health Research Reviews. 12:83-93. doi:10.1017/S1466252311000089

Zhang F. and O. Adeola. 2017. Techniques for evaluating digestibility of energy, amino acids, phosphorus, and calcium in feed ingredients for pigs. Animal Nutrition. 3(4):344-352. doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2017.06.008

Zhang, S., M. Tian, H. Song, K. Shi, Y. Wang, and W. Guan. 2018. Effects of L-carnitine on reproductive performance, milk composition, placental development and IGF concentrations in blood plasma and placental chorions in sows. Archives of Animal Nutrition. doi:10.1080/1745039X.2018.1471185

Zhu, C., H. Lv, Z. Chen, K. Wang, X. Wu, Z. Chen, W. Zhang, R. Liang, and Z. Jiang. 2017. Dietary zinc oxide modulates antioxidant capacity, small intestinal development, and jejunal gene expression in weaned pigs. Biological Trace Element Research. 175:331-338. doi:10.1007/s12011-016-0767-3

Zier-Rush, C.E., C. Groom, M. Tillman, J. Remus, and R.D. Boyd. 2016. The feed enzyme xylanase improves finish pig viability and carcass feed efficiency. Journal of Animal Science. 94(Suppl. 2):115. doi:10.2527/msasas2016-244.

Zimmermann, J. A., M. L. Fusari, E. Rossler, J. E. Blajman, A. Romero-Scharpen, D. M. Astesana, C. R. Olivero, A. P. Berisvil, M. L. Signorini, M. V. Zbrun, L. S. Frizzo, and L. P. Soto. 2016. Effects of probiotics in swines growth performance: a meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 219:280-293. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.06.021

Zinedine, A., J. M. Soriano, J. C. Molto, and J. Manes. 2007. Review on the toxicity, occurrence, metabolism, detoxification, regulations and intake of zearalenone: an oestrogenic mycotoxin. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 45:1-18. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2006.07.030.

Zuo, J., B. Ling, L. Long, T. Li, L. Lahaye, C. Yang, and D. Feng. 2015. Effect of dietary supplementation with protease on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, digestive enzymes and gene expression of weaned piglets. Animal Nutrition. 1:276-282. doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2015.10.003